From Envirowiki

Cuba is an island communist dictatorship in the Caribbean. It has had trade embargoes placed on it for the last couple of decades by the USA. before the collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989, Cuba was reliant on it's communist allies, Russia, China, and others, for oil imports. after the Soviet bloc collapsed, Cuba was forced to fend for itself. a social shift, grassroots in origin, but helped by Fidel Castro's government, was put in place, which included decentralised education, and mass community-based organic agriculture. Cuba now supplies all of it's own food, and even Havana, the capital city, supplies 80% of it's own food.

Cuba's urban and non-urban organic agriculture movement was spurred on by the cost of petrochemical fertilizers and farm machinery (and fuel). the movement was also helped out by a number of australian permaculture experts.

[edit] sources

• "The Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil". review available on globalpublicmedia.com